INTRODUCTION: Well-established guidelines and standards are essential for effective disaster management and Relief operations. The aim of this study was to review the existing documentation in Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies regarding disaster Relief guidelines. METHODS: This narrative review was conducted using a documentary research method in 2023. In order to find articles related to standardization of Relief and recommendations, extensive searches were conducted in relevant databases, with a special emphasis on the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) database. The identified documents were analyzed using document analysis and classification techniques. FINDINGS: The most important point in the IFRC review was that the guidelines are divided into two parts: general and specific. It is not necessary to use general guidelines, but specific guidelines are important. IFRC guidelines are usually developed in cooperation with the 190 member states. However, it is recommended that each country adapt these guidelines to its own specific circumstances. CONCLUSION: The results showed that when it comes to specialist areas such as housing and aid workers safety, IFRC recommendations are a valuable resource for countries when developing and updating national disaster Relief protocols. While the IFRC principles provide a useful starting point, their successful use requires careful review and modification to meet the unique local conditions and requirements of each country.

Purpose: Today, knowledge and information have become a determining factor in the success and competitiveness of Organizations. Businesses that can acquire the existing knowledge in their organization and use it in line with business processes, the products and services of these businesses will have competitive advantages in the market. It is a Relief organization. Materials and Methods: In this research, the fuzzy Delphi technique is used to identify the dimensions of knowledge management capability building, and the fuzzy Dimtel technique is used to examine the cause and effect relationships of the knowledge management capability building model in Relief Organizations, and the fuzzy ANP technique is used to determine the importance and priority of factors. Aid Organizations are also studied in this research. Findings: The results of this research showed that the factor of specific strategies and goals in enabling knowledge management is the most effective factor among other factors, and the factor of designing effective processes to enable knowledge management is the most effective factor and ultimately the most important factor among Other factors are specific strategies and goals in enabling knowledge management. Conclusion: The results obtained from Fuzzy Dimetal technique and Fuzzy ANP show that after the factor of specific strategies and goals in knowledge management capabilities, the support factor of senior managers is the most influential and important factor in applying knowledge management, in fact, the managers of the organization as a model They are for all the employees of the organization and they should have enough knowledge about knowledge management and its benefits in the organization.

Purpose: with the advancement of technology and the development of the fourth generation industry on the one hand and the movement of Organizations towards earning money from the economy of knowledge management and on the other hand, companies are moving towards progress,The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of knowledge management on organizational innovation in Relief Organizations. Materials and Methods: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection method, it is descriptive-survey type. The statistical community, this research includes all the experts and managers who work in aid Organizations, there are 450 people, the Morgan table was used to determine the sample size and 210 people were selected and the questionnaire was distributed among them in a simple random manner. To determine the validity of the questionnaires, the content validity method and Cronbach's alpha coefficient showed that the data collection tool has high reliability. Findings: Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics have been used to analyze the data in order to check the validity of the questionnaire from confirmatory factor analysis and to check the research hypotheses from structural equation modeling using the structural equation modeling method (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS 3 software was used. Coclusions: Finally, the hypotheses of the research were examined and suggestions and solutions were presented to improve and enhance the mutual effect of knowledge management on innovation in aid Organizations. The coefficient of the path between the variable of knowledge management and innovation is 0. 613, and the t-statistic is 12. 987. The results showed that the dimensions of knowledge management, which include knowledge from the customer,Knowledge for the customer and knowledge about the customer affects innovation.

Nowadays Human Rights pays a great deal of attention to protection of people affected by natural disasters, because such incidents occur every year around the world and with them comes a lot of human and financial losses. Nevertheless, this issue raises many questions regarding the relations between governments and individuals, as well as relations of international Relief Organizations with affected states. The question we are trying to answer in this contribution, is that what is the nature of the protection of people against natural disasters, and if such protection is a fulfillment of human rights, should it only be asked from the government, or that it can also be a demand from the international community, and in particular from international Relief Organizations? Based on the studies, the affected state has the main obligation to protect the victims of natural disasters, and in case the state is unable to or unwilling to give an effective Relief and a violation to the fundamental rights of victims occurs, then the international community will be responsible to protect them, via international Relief Organizations.

INTRODUCTION: The improvement of human resources refers to the activities through which the employees continuously keep pace with the changes and growth of the organization. It involves the improvement of the skills, knowledge, and capabilities of the employees in the perceptual and operational dimensions to increase the efficiency of the employees' performance. The present study aims to identify and rank the factors affecting the improvement of human resources in Relief Organizations in the RCS in Yazd province. METHOD: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey methodically. The statistical population included all the senior employees and experts of the RCS of Yazd province (478 people). About 215 people were selected based on Cochran's formula. Data analyzed using fuzzy SWARA and SPSS-24 software. FINDINGS: According to the findings, 21 factors affecting the improvement of human resources in the RCS of Yazd province were identified and prioritized using the fuzzy SWARA technique. It gives this opportunity to decision-makers and policy-makers to choose their environment and strategy based on the current situation. CONCLUSION: The results revealed that the highest weight or the most important factor is the implementation and evaluation system (development of group activities and team building).

The purpose of this study is to provide an interactive model of the role of charity relationship marketing on the behavior of the benefactors. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting information, it is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research consisted of the charities and the supporters of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee of Ilam which according to the unrestricted statistical society, 384 people were selected as the sample. Sampling method In this research is the available sampling. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. PLS visual analysis software has been used to analyze the data. The results showed that affiliated marketing in charity Organizations has a positive and significant effect on the trust and commitment of the benefactors. The trust of the benefactors to the charitable Organizations has a positive and significant effect on their commitment. Benefactors commitment to charitable Organizations has a positive and significant effect on positive oral advertising and donation of help. Also religious beliefs plays a moderating role in the relationship between the commitment of the benefactors and their donation.

knowledge management is the promotion of a comprehensive approach to identify, capture, recover, share and evaluate an organization's information capital and affects various aspects of the organization. Organizations have to design corporate knowledge management strategies according to their organization's environment. The aim of the current research is to achieve the pattern of knowledge management strategy establishment in aid Organizations in Tehran metropolis. This research is a part of mixed exploratory research (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative part, the Delphi technique and 12 experts were used to determine the components and indicators of the research; Then, by using Micmac software and structural-interpretive method (ISM), factor stratification was done. In the quantitative part of cluster random sampling method, 217 employees of aid Organizations were selected and analyzed with SmartPLS software. The findings showed that the structural-interpretive technique showed that the factor of exploiting the two-column system of the learner is at the highest level, i.e. the first level, and the continuous performance and discovery of the knowledge base is at the lowest level. The results showed that there is a difference between the components and the establishment pattern. There is a significant relationship between the knowledge management strategy of Relief Organizations in Tehran metropolis

The ongoing women's poverty and gender discrimination, owing to various cultural and historical constraints on their socio-economic status and advancement, has raised different approaches in the literature, namely women's empowerment. Within a conceptual framework of poverty and empowerment this paper intends to probe into different facets of the empowerment of women-headed households, as one of the most important groups subjected highly to poverty risk, in the city of Tehran.The study reveals that women's individual features (characteristics) have a significant effect on their poverty. In addition, women's poverty has multiple dimensions: economic, social and psychological, so, they should be taken into account in any gender and poverty analysis. According to the findings, in spite of some measures and efforts by different poverty-alleviating Organizations in the framework of assistance schemes or projects, yet women's empowerment needs a long way to be realized. The reason for this, the paper argues, lies in characteristics of the approach (es) dominating these efforts, their low level quantity as well as women's poor capability. The paper concludes that in order to eliminate or alleviate women's poverty and gender inequality, and change women's socio-economic status, a structural development is necessary.

Background: Thoracotomy is one of the surgical operations which causes severe pain. In fact, this pain is one of the most excruciating pains caused by surgical operations. Different procedures are performed to decrease this pain which is associated with significant physiologic, mental and pathologic complications. Each of these procedures has its own advantage and disadvantages. In many centers, the most common treatment method used, is considered as the first choice. In this study, common methods of analgesia after thoracotomy were compared. Materials and Methods: During this meta-analysis, "Visual Analogue Scale" (VAS) of patients in epidural group was compared with those in four groups of systemic opioids, intercostal block, para- vertebral block and intrapleural infusion in the first 24 hours after surgery. Data obtained from 28 randomized clinical trials (RCT) which compared the procedures in 1697 patients after thoracotomy were gathered using random effect model, effect size index and the standardized difference average. Statistical values were evaluated and the results obtained using standard error, 5% maximum confidence limit and 5% minimum confidence limit. The obtained data were evaluated using studies performed between 1987 and 2005. After evaluating 314 titles and 185 abstracts, 28 articles were entered in the meta- analysis considering inclusion criteria. Four groups of epidural with systemic opioids, epidural with para-vertebral, epidural with intercostal and epidural with intrapleural analgesia were studied. Results: It was noticed that the epidural method in total 24 hours with 95% CI= -0.9802 to -0.3844 was a better procedure compared with systemic opioids. Epidural method did not show any difference with intercostals method in 24 hours mean with 95% CI= -0.2171 to +0.5906. Epidural method was also better than intrapleural in 24 hours mean with 95% CI= -1.1166 to-0.0106. When comparing epidural with para-vertebral, epidural was better with 95% CI= +0.1744 to -0.4527. Conclusion: According to the evaluations performed, epidural method is recommended as the method of choice to reduce pain after thoracotomy.      

Background: The Relief workers civil liability for animals has been a subject of human society. The responsibility that is under the Liability for Objects and has been mentioned in Islamic Republic of Iran's civil law nevertheless has not been separately investigated. Regarding the fact of using animals in some Relief operations, this article aims to investigate this liability in Sharia, jurisprudence and Islamic law through a comparative study. Method: This research was carried out by using library and documentary methods. Therefore, all related books and articles were collected and analyzed. Conclusion: The result showed that in some cases, this responsibility is not based on Relief worker's fault. Several manifestation of liability arising from animals that have not been considered or mentioned in Iran's civil law is discussed referring to the applicable sharia. It is explained that in some specific cases (situations) there will be no liability to the owner or the protector (Relief worker) of the object (animal in these case) and other liabilities. All the general rules of tortious liability apply to animals in much the same way as they apply to other chattels.